Sun Mar 18, 2012 9:00 am
Less Than Kind by Terence Rattigan (Theatre Royal, Winchester) March 17
A Midsummer Night's Dream by William Shakespeare (Lyric Theatre Hammersmith, London) March 17
Claudius:
But now, my cousin Hamlet, and my son—
Hamlet:
A little more than kin, and less than kind.
(Hamlet Act 1, Scene 2)
In 1944, responding to a probably mischievous challenge to improve on what John Boulting apparently considered the sloppy and implausible dramaturgy of Hamlet, Rattigan drafted a play about a reactionary conservative cabinet minister and industrialist who has set up in luxurious domesticity with a still-young widow. Though not yet in a state of matrimony, this arrangement suits both parties, at least until the arrival, back from boarding school, of the woman's 17-year old son, full of the socialist (or at least anti-capitalist) fervour of a generation coming of age during Britain's Darkest Hour. Soon to reward Churchill for his war pains by booting him out of office and embracing Sir William Beveridge's radical new socialised healthcare, the son stands in for both the Dane and a new fervour abroad in the land that the backdated cost of defending the Empire would include a redrafting of the old social order, a project wholeheartedly supported by the playwright himself despite his own already precipitous decline in esteem by that same generation.
Before milk-white, now purple with love’s wound, and maidens call it “Love in Idleness”
(Oberon, A Midsummer's Night's Dream, Act II, Scene 1)
Already turned down by Gertrude Lawrence, Rattigan may have been feeling even more insecure than usual as he conceded numerous rewrites to the Lunts and in particular to Alfred Lunt, who was not just playing the "Claudius" role but directing the production too, for both London and New York. Before he quite realised how it had happened, Rattigan's intriguing play would be ludicrously transformed into Love In Idleness, the title it opened with on Shaftesbury Avenue, to critical derision and public success. The Lunts were the theatrical couple of their time and the play had clearly become just a "vehicle" for them to bask in the adoration of their many fans, notwithstanding the ridiculous and vain transformation of Claudius into a benign and popular leader surrounded by dull acolytes. The play had been so fundamentally altered that it had to be resubmitted to the office of the Lord Chamberlain, Britain's official censor, before it could be cleared for performance.
O mistress mine, where are you roaming?
O, stay and hear; your true love's coming,
That can sing both high and low.
Trip no further, pretty sweeting;
Journeys end in lovers meeting,
Every wise man's son doth know.
What is love? 'Tis not hereafter;
Present mirth hath present laughter;
What's to come is still unsure.
In delay there lies no plenty,
Then come kiss me, sweet and twenty;
Youth's a stuff will not endure.
(Twelfth Night, Act I, Scene three)
By the time the show reached Broadway in 1946, where it played a hitmaking 482 performances, the Lunts had once again changed the title, the ever-diminishing Shakespeare-penned marquee names now reduced to a bland and innocuous O Mistress Mine. I've seen or read neither O Mistress Mine or Love In Idleness and, ironically, we owe the survival of the hitherto unperformed original play Less Than Kind to the archives of very same and now defunct Lord Chamberlain's office where what is believed to be its only copy was later discovered. It's hard to know what to make of it. In production, its occasional clunkiness marks it out as an early and insubstantial draft. Had the play not been so well and truly Luntzed, there is no doubt that this draft would have been honed and polished, just like any other modern play, but it seems unfair to judge on equal terms a play that was not subject to such a process but was instead, in effect, dumped in favour of a star-driven product. It's impossible to tell if even Rattigan could ever have satisfyingly fulfilled his initial remit to rewrite Hamlet. Much of it seems to engage with the Shakespeare masterpiece on a purely superficial level of updating and never does seem likely to get to grips with the initial challenge. Conceivably, this may even be why the Lunts engineered its new direction. My guess is it would never have amounted to more than second rank Rattigan. Which is sort of beside the point: we're fortunate it survives at all, even if that's only of interest to committed Rattigan buffs.
Speaking of Love In Idleness, Filter's anarchic new take on A Midsummer Night's Dream is a lot of very silly fun and slapstick and, it must be said, hugely popular with young audiences in particular. In the end, though, it completely lacks the transformative magic of a really good production of the play wot Shakespeare wrote. But thank heavens, in both cases, we do not need to raid the Lord Chamberlain's office to access the originals. Almost as long as there has been Skakespeare, there have been "versions" of his plays, none of which has been remotely in danger of threatening the survival and integrity of the Bard versions